Air Preheaters (APH) play a crucial role in boiler systems, facilitating the transfer of heat from flue gases to the combustion air before it enters the furnace. This process improves thermal efficiency by recovering waste heat from the boiler’s flue gas, thereby minimizing energy losses, and reducing operational costs. However, a significant challenge faced in Tubular Air Preheaters (TAPH) is corrosion, particularly in the low-temperature zone.
